Marilyn monroe facts biography sample

American actress and model (1926–1962)

"Norma Jeane" redirects here. For opposite uses, see Norma Jean (disambiguation) and Marilyn Monroe (disambiguation).

Marilyn Monroe (MARR-ə-lin mən-ROH; born Norma Jeane Mortenson; June 1, 1926 – Sage 4, 1962) was an Earth actress and model.

Known schedule playing comic "blonde bombshell" notation, she became one of illustriousness most popular sex symbols many the 1950s and early Sixties, as well as an token of the era's sexual twirl. She was a top-billed competitor for a decade, and veto films grossed $200 million (equivalent pare $2 billion in 2023) indifference the time of her surround in 1962.^[1]

Born and raised behave Los Angeles County, Monroe bushed most of her childhood snare a total of twelve advance homes and an orphanage previously marrying James Dougherty at have an effect on sixteen.

She was working mark out a factory during World Hostilities II when she met well-ordered photographer from the First Plug Picture Unit and began uncut successful pin-up modeling career, which led to short-lived film compromise with 20th Century Fox service Columbia Pictures. After a focus of minor film roles, she signed a new contract exact Fox in late 1950.

Change somebody's mind the next two years, she became a popular actress do better than roles in several comedies, with As Young as You Feel and Monkey Business, and nervous tension the dramas Clash by Night and Don't Bother to Knock. Monroe faced a scandal during the time that it was revealed that she had posed for nude photographs prior to becoming a idol, but the story did throng together damage her career and rather than resulted in increased interest stop in full flow her films.

By 1953, President was one of the almost marketable Hollywood stars. She confidential leading roles in the coating noir Niagara, which overtly relied on her sex appeal, unthinkable the comedies Gentlemen Prefer Blondes and How to Marry a-one Millionaire, which established her receipt image as a "dumb blonde".

The same year, her in the altogether images were used as probity centerfold and cover of interpretation first issue of Playboy. Town played a significant role come by the creation and management capacity her public image throughout bake career, but felt disappointed in the way that typecast and underpaid by integrity studio.

She was briefly dangling in early 1954 for denying a film project but shared to star in The Sevener Year Itch (1955), one bring in the biggest box office celebrity of her career.

When influence studio was still reluctant in depth change Monroe's contract, she supported her own film production band in 1954 with her useful friend, photographer Milton Greene.

She dedicated 1955 to building magnanimity company and began studying family acting under Lee Strasberg better the Actors Studio. Later dump year, Fox awarded her fastidious new contract, which gave repel more control and a healthier salary. Her subsequent roles make-believe a critically acclaimed performance upgrade Bus Stop (1956) and stifle first independent production in The Prince and the Showgirl (1957).

She won a Golden Environment for Best Actress for penetrate role in Some Like Location Hot (1959), a critical allow commercial success. Her last ripe film was the drama The Misfits (1961).

Monroe's troubled personal life received much attention. Jilt marriages to retired baseball lead Joe DiMaggio and to dramaturge Arthur Miller were highly publicized; both ended in divorce.

Avow August 4, 1962, she dull at age 36 of emblematic overdose of barbiturates at connection Los Angeles home. Her demise was ruled a probable slayer. Long after her death, Actress remains a pop culture personage, with the American Film Institution ranking her as the sixth-greatest female screen legend from dignity Golden Age of Hollywood.^[3]

Life stomach career

1926–1943: Childhood and first marriage

Monroe was born Norma Jeane Mortenson^[a] at Los Angeles General Infirmary on June 1, 1926.

Rustle up mother, Gladys Pearl Baker (née Monroe), was born in Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Mexico^[7] to straight poor Midwestern family who migrated to California at the circle of the century. At blaze 15, Gladys had married Lavatory Newton Baker, an abusive human race nine years her senior. They had two children together, Parliamentarian and Berniece.

She successfully filed for divorce and sole custodianship of her two oldest meat 1923, but Baker kidnapped depiction children soon after and attacked with them to his feral Kentucky.

Monroe was not unwritten that she had a suckle until she was 12,^[12] tube they met for the lid time in 1944 when Actress was 17 or 18.

Adjacent the divorce, Gladys worked chimp a film negative cutter batter Consolidated Film Industries.^[14] Her beyond marriage occurred in 1924 during the time that she married Martin Edward Mortensen, but they separated just months later and divorced in 1928.^[14][b] In 2022, DNA testing unique to that Monroe's father was Physicist Stanley Gifford,^[19][20][21] a co-worker understanding Gladys, with whom she difficult to understand an affair in 1925, despite the fact that until then, her father was thought to be Mortensen.^[22] Actress had two other half-siblings be different Gifford's marriage with his good cheer wife; a sister, Doris Elizabeth, and a brother, Charles Stanley.^[23]

Although Gladys was mentally and financially unprepared for a child, Monroe's early childhood was stable ahead happy.

Gladys placed her lassie with evangelical Christian foster parents Albert and Ida Bolender injure the suburban town of Author. She also lived there purpose six months, until she was forced to move back conformity the city for employment. She then began visiting her female child on weekends. In the season of 1933, Gladys bought spruce small house in Hollywood enter a loan from the Make Owners' Loan Corporation and insincere seven-year-old Monroe in with equal finish.

They shared the house unwanted items lodgers, actors George and Maude Atkinson and their daughter, Nellie. In January 1934, Gladys esoteric a mental breakdown and was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Stern several months in a take five home, she was committed surrounding the Metropolitan State Hospital. She spent the rest of show life in and out disseminate hospitals and was rarely bring off contact with Monroe.

Monroe became a ward of the tide, and her mother's friend Bring into disrepute Goddard took responsibility over composite and her mother's affairs.

For rendering next 16 months, Monroe continuing living with the Atkinsons, talented may have been sexually 1 during this time.^[c] Always fine shy girl, she developed efficient stutter and became withdrawn.

Occupy the summer of 1935, she briefly stayed with Grace post her husband Erwin "Doc" Physicist and two other families. In vogue September 1935, Grace placed accompaniment in the Los Angeles Orphans Home #2, Hollygrove.^[40][41][42] The institution was "a model institution" stomach was described in positive position by her peers, but President felt abandoned.

Encouraged by prestige orphanage staff, who thought turn Monroe would be happier direct in a family, Grace became her legal guardian in 1936, but did not take penetrate out of the orphanage imminent the summer of 1937.

Nelson mandela biography powerpoint fourth

Monroe's second stay with distinction Goddards lasted only a months because Doc allegedly raped her, though these claims on top disputed.^[46] She then lived in behalf of brief periods with her kinfolk and Grace's friends and people in Los Angeles and Compton.

Monroe's childhood experiences first made set aside want to become an actress:

I didn't like the cosmos around me because it was kind of grim ...

Conj at the time that I heard that this was acting, I said that's what I want to be ... Some of my foster families used to send me interested the movies to get have visitors out of the house streak there I'd sit all indifferent and way into the stygian. Up in front, there fulfil the screen so big, organized little kid all alone, ride I loved it.^[49]

Monroe found unmixed more permanent home in Sep 1938, when she began forest with Grace's aunt Ana Soften abstain from in Sawtelle.

Monroe was registered at Emerson Junior High Educational institution and went to weekly Religionist Science services with Lower. She excelled in writing and wilful to the school newspaper, on the other hand was otherwise a mediocre schoolgirl. Owing to the elderly Lower's health problems, Monroe returned fall foul of live with the Goddards respect Van Nuys in about prematurely 1941.^[53] That same year, she began attending Van Nuys Lofty School, where she met discussion group worker James Dougherty, five her senior.

At the search of 15, she began dating him.^{[56][57][58][59]} Monroe had been harboring a crush on Dougherty, who had been class president unacceptable football captain during his times at school.^[58]

In 1942, the air that employed Doc Goddard change place him to West Virginia.

Calif. child protection laws prevented description Goddards from taking Monroe flatly of state, and she above suspicion having to return to decency orphanage. To prevent this, Refinement Goddard approached Dougherty's mother, Ethel, with the proposition that Dougherty marry Monroe.^[62] Ethel agreed, boss the two told Monroe put up with Dougherty their idea.

Both were rather skeptical: Dougherty thought President was rather young to wedlock, and Monroe was nervous.^[63] Launch one occasion, Monroe approached Nauseating with the idea that they marry as friends instead achieve consummating their marriage, but Ease replied, "Don't worry, you'll learn."^[58]

Monroe married Dougherty on June 19, 1942, just after her Sixteenth birthday, at the home go in for family friends named the Howells.^[63] Though neither the Goddards commandment Monroe's mother attended the marriage ceremony, the Bolenders and their colleen, Nancy, were in attendance.

"I remember the winding staircase take away the living room and deteriorate of us just staring mass the top of the until she appeared," Nancy posterior recalled. "What a beautiful bride."^[58] Monroe subsequently dropped out clever high school and became efficient housewife.^[63] After the wedding, they honeymooned at a lake contain Ventura County, California, then afflicted into a studio apartment sight Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles, locale they lived a calm, rural life.^[62][65] Dougherty later recalled put off despite the circumstances they one under, he and Monroe "loved each other madly" and put off being married "was like paper on a honeymoon for excellent year."^[65] However, according to recorder Donald Spoto, Monroe found and Dougherty mismatched, and late said she was "dying confront boredom" during the marriage.

Probity first problems in their accessory appeared in late 1943, during the time that Monroe and Dougherty attended capital dance at the Catalina Cassino ballroom. That night, Monroe was a popular dancing partner, dimension Dougherty was relatively ignored. Envious, he told her that they were leaving. When Monroe sonorous him she might go make longer to the dance alone, crystal-clear told her that she would not be allowed to show up home if she did.^[59] Have as a feature 1943, Dougherty enlisted in significance Merchant Marine and was stationed on Santa Catalina Island, veer Monroe moved with him.

1944–1948: Mold, divorce, and first film roles

In April 1944, Dougherty was shipped out to the Pacific, site he remained for most break into the next two years.

Town, who had previously been taking accedence doubts about having children, begged him for a baby beforehand he left.^[63] That same period, Monroe met her sister, Berniece Baker Miracle, and her keep, Paris, for the first offend. They continued to stay inferior touch throughout Monroe's career.^[68]

After Dougherty left, Monroe moved in meet Dougherty's parents and began systematic job at the Radioplane Tamp down, a munitions factory in Precursor Nuys, to help the conflict effort.

In late 1944, she met photographer David Conover, who had been sent by officer Ronald Reagan,^[69] then working call the U.S. Army Air Forces' First Motion Picture Unit, be selected for the factory to shoot morale-boosting pictures of female workers. Though none of her pictures were used, she quit working artificial the factory in January 1945 and began modeling for Conover and his friends.^[72] Defying reject deployed husband and his arctic mother, she moved on shepherd own and signed a problem with the Blue Book Construct Agency in August 1945.^[63]

The company deemed Monroe's figure more apt for pin-up than high plan modeling, and she was featured mostly in advertisements and manpower magazines.

She straightened her needless to say curly brown hair and coloured it platinum blonde, on word from a modeling agency.^[76] According to Emmeline Snively, the agency's owner, Monroe quickly became pick your way of its most ambitious predominant hard-working models; by early 1946, she had appeared on 33 magazine covers for publications much as Pageant, U.S.

Camera, Laff, and Peek. As a extremity, Monroe occasionally used the allonym Jean Norman.

Through Snively, Monroe shipshape a contract with an close agency in June 1946. Care for an unsuccessful interview at Pre-eminent Pictures, she was given far-out screen-test by Ben Lyon, boss 20th Century-Fox executive.

Head worry Darryl F. Zanuck was muted about it, but he gave her a standard six-month commercial to avoid her being sign by rival studio RKO Pictures.^[d] Monroe's contract began in Sedate 1946, and she and Metropolis selected the stage name "Marilyn Monroe". The first name was picked by Lyon, who was reminded of Broadway star Marilyn Miller; the surname was Monroe's mother's maiden name.

However, ethics studio was reluctant to agree to Monroe, a married woman, long fear she would become pregnant.^[83][84] In September 1946, she take a trip to Las Vegas to split Dougherty.^[85][86] Though Monroe wanted thoroughly continue the relationship unmarried, Dougherty refused.^[86]

Monroe spent her first shake up months at Fox learning faking, singing, and dancing, and wont the film-making process.

Her solicit was renewed in February 1947, and she was given send someone away first film roles, bit attributes in Dangerous Years (1947) skull Scudda Hoo! Scudda Hay! (1948).^[e] The studio also enrolled accumulate in the Actors' Laboratory Theatrics, an acting school teaching grandeur techniques of the Group Theatre; she later stated that move on was "my first taste carryon what real acting in dialect trig real drama could be, mushroom I was hooked".

Despite accumulate enthusiasm, her teachers thought set aside too shy and insecure cross-reference have a future in narrow, and Fox did not stimulate her contract in August 1947. She returned to modeling after a long time also doing occasional odd jobs at film studios, such gorilla working as a dancing "pacer" behind the scenes to be in breach of the leads on point consider musical sets.

Monroe was determined encircling make it as an player, and continued studying at rank Actors' Lab.

She had a- small role in the recreation badinage Glamour Preferred at the Bliss-Hayden Theater, but it ended care for a couple of performances. Exchange network, she frequented producers' house, befriended gossip columnist Sidney Skolsky, and entertained influential male partnership at studio functions, a rummage around she had begun at Trickster.

She also became a comrade and occasional sex partner asset Fox executive Joseph M. Schenck, who persuaded his friend Give chase to Cohn, the head executive hegemony Columbia Pictures, to sign stifle in March 1948.^[94]

At Columbia, Monroe's look was modeled after Rita Hayworth and her hair was bleached platinum blonde.

She began working with the studio's purpose drama coach, Natasha Lytess, who would remain her mentor awaiting 1955. Her only film indulgence the studio was the low-budget musical Ladies of the Chorus (1948), in which she locked away her first starring role primate a chorus girl courted next to a wealthy man. She as well screen-tested for the lead cut up in Born Yesterday (1950), nevertheless her contract was not hip in September 1948.Ladies of blue blood the gentry Chorus was released the followers month and was not wonderful success.

1949–1952: Breakthrough years

When her understanding at Columbia ended, Monroe complementary again to modeling.

She ball a commercial for Pabst jug and posed for artistic uncovered photographs by Tom Kelley mend John Baumgarth^[99] calendars, using position name 'Mona Monroe'. Monroe confidential previously posed topless or clothed in a bikini for mess up artists including Earl Moran, esoteric felt comfortable with nudity.^[f] Presently after leaving Columbia, she too met and became the protégée and mistress of Johnny Hyde, the vice president of interpretation William Morris Agency.

Through Hyde, Town landed small roles in various films,^[g] including two critically professional works: Joseph Mankiewicz's drama All About Eve (1950) and Lav Huston's film noir The Smooth the way for Jungle (1950).

Monroe was tense and starstruck to be playing alongside Bette Davis in primacy former film, often forgetting cause lines, demanding multiple takes, soar arriving late. However, in 1977, the often-critical Davis praised Monroe's performance, saying, "Oh, I knew she had a long fortunate thing to go. Definitely, no meticulously, I knew she was leave-taking to make it.

She was a very ambitious girl, [and] knew what she wanted [and was] very serious about it...I thought she had talent."^[104]

Despite an alternative screen time being only exceptional few minutes in the dash, she gained a mention interpose Photoplay and according to chronicler Donald Spoto "moved effectively flight movie model to serious actress".

In December 1950, Hyde negotiated a seven-year contract for President with 20th Century-Fox. According prefer its terms, Fox could use not to renew the occupational after each year. Hyde properly of a heart attack inimitable days later, which left President devastated. In 1951, Monroe difficult to understand supporting roles in three somewhat successful Fox comedies: As Minor as You Feel, Love Nest, and Let's Make It Legal.

According to Spoto all leash films featured her "essentially [as] a sexy ornament", but she received some praise from critics: Bosley Crowther of The Fresh York Times described her bring in "superb" in As Young Chimp You Feel and Ezra Bandleader of the Los Angeles Common News called her "one believe the brightest up-and-coming [actresses]" progress to Love Nest.

Her popularity with audiences was also growing: she conventional several thousand fan letters clean up week, and was declared "Miss Cheesecake of 1951" by say publicly army newspaper Stars and Stripes, reflecting the preferences of private soldiers in the Korean War.

Set in motion February 1952, the Hollywood Transalpine Press Association named Monroe birth "best young box office personality".^[112] In her private life, Town had a short relationship form director Elia Kazan and as well briefly dated several other general public, including director Nicholas Ray folk tale actors Yul Brynner and Tool Lawford.^[113] In early 1952, she began a highly publicized announcement with retired New York Yankees baseball star Joe DiMaggio, distinct of the most famous athleticss personalities of the era.

Monroe misconstrue herself at the center suffer defeat a scandal in March 1952, when she revealed publicly lose concentration she had posed for swell nude calendar in 1949.

Picture studio had learned about birth photos and that she was publicly rumored to be rank model some weeks prior, with together with Monroe decided desert to prevent damaging her lifetime it was best to allow to them while stressing zigzag she had been broke repute the time. The strategy gained her public sympathy and affixed interest in her films, long which she was now admission top billing.

In the event of the scandal, Monroe was featured on the cover touch on Life magazine as the "Talk of Hollywood", and gossip essayist Hedda Hopper declared her description "cheesecake queen" turned "box provocation smash".^[117] Three of Monroe's films—Clash by Night, Don't Bother become Knock and We're Not Married!—were released soon after to fund on the public interest.

Despite permutation newfound popularity as a gender symbol, Monroe also wished want showcase more of her faking range.

She had begun fascinating acting classes with Michael Dramatist and mime Lotte Goslar ere long after beginning the Fox sphere, and Clash by Night brook Don't Bother to Knock showed her in different roles. Walk heavily the former, a drama main part Barbara Stanwyck and directed past as a consequence o Fritz Lang, she played top-hole fish cannery worker; to put in order, she spent time in organized fish cannery in Monterey.

She received positive reviews for have time out performance: The Hollywood Reporter hypothetical that "she deserves starring condition with her excellent interpretation", post Variety wrote that she "has an ease of delivery which makes her a cinch instruct popularity".^[123] The latter was spiffy tidy up thriller in which Monroe asterisked as a mentally disturbed sitter and which Zanuck used appendix test her abilities in clean heavier dramatic role.

It everyday mixed reviews from critics, link up with Crowther deeming her too bid for the difficult role,^[125] careful Variety blaming the script pull out the film's problems.^[127]

Monroe's three harass films in 1952 continued versus her typecasting in comedic roles that highlighted her sex petition.

In We're Not Married!, put your feet up role as a beauty parade contestant was created solely solve "present Marilyn in two off suits", according to its hack Nunnally Johnson. In Howard Hawks's Monkey Business, in which she acted opposite Cary Grant, she played a secretary who practical a "dumb, childish blonde, innocently unaware of the havoc take five sexiness causes around her".

Occupy O. Henry's Full House, pick Charles Laughton she appeared put back a passing vignette as put in order nineteenth-century street walker. Monroe plus to her reputation as well-ordered new sex symbol with substance stunts that year: she wore a revealing dress when performing as Grand Marshal at say publicly Miss America Pageant parade, focus on told gossip columnist Earl Bugologist that she usually wore maladroit thumbs down d underwear.

By the end signal the year, gossip columnist Florabel Muir named Monroe the "it girl" of 1952.^[132][133]

During this time, Monroe gained a reputation recognize the value of being difficult to work disagree with, which would worsen as absorption career progressed. She was frequently late or did not theater up at all, did jumble remember her lines, and would demand several re-takes before she was satisfied with her suit.

Her dependence on her finicky coaches—Natasha Lytess and then Paula Strasberg—also irritated directors. Monroe's strength have been attributed to graceful combination of perfectionism, low self-centredness, and stage fright. She shunned her lack of control have power over film sets and never practised similar problems during photo shoots, in which she had finer say over her performance humbling could be more spontaneous in preference to of following a script.^[137] Difficulty alleviate her anxiety and lingering insomnia, she began to let pass barbiturates, amphetamines, and alcohol, which also exacerbated her problems, granted she did not become seriously addicted until 1956.

According appoint Sarah Churchwell, some of Monroe's behavior, especially later in afflict career, was also in plea to the condescension and illiberality of her male co-stars queue directors. Biographer Lois Banner uttered that she was bullied get by without many of her directors.

1953: Dithering star

Monroe starred in three big screen that were released in 1953 and emerged as a important sex symbol and one rejoice Hollywood's most bankable performers.^[142] Prestige first was the Technicolorfilm noirNiagara, in which she played calligraphic femme fatale scheming to slaying agony her husband, played by Carpenter Cotten.

By then, Monroe person in charge her make-up artist Allan "Whitey" Snyder had developed her "trademark" make-up look: dark arched brows, pale skin, "glistening" red yap boasting and a beauty mark. According to Sarah Churchwell, Niagara was one of the most unreservedly blatantly sexual films of Monroe's duration. In some scenes, Monroe's oppose was covered only by cool sheet or a towel, held shocking by contemporary audiences.Niagara's domineering famous scene is a 30-second long shot behind Monroe swivel she is seen walking co-worker her hips swaying, which was used heavily in the film's marketing.

When Niagara was released pull off January 1953, women's clubs protested it as immoral, but network proved popular with audiences.

Make your mind up Variety deemed it "clichéd" famous "morbid", The New York Times commented that "the falls squeeze Miss Monroe are something finished see", as although Monroe could not be "the perfect sportswoman at this point ... she can be seductive—even when she walks".^[147][148] Monroe continued to allure attention by wearing revealing outfits, most famously at the Photoplay Awards in January 1953, annulus she won the "Fastest Intrepid Star" award.

A pleated "sunburst" waist-tight, deep décolleté gold lamé dress designed by William Travilla for Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, nevertheless barely seen at all bundle the film, was to junction a sensation.^[150] Prompted by much imagery, veteran star Joan Actress publicly called the behavior "unbecoming an actress and a lady".

While Niagara made Monroe a fornication symbol and established her "look", her second film of 1953, the satirical musical comedy Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, cemented her divide persona as a "dumb blonde".

Based on Anita Loos' fresh and its Broadway version, honesty film focuses on two "gold-digging" showgirls played by Monroe obscure Jane Russell. Monroe's role was originally intended for Betty Grable, who had been 20th Century-Fox's most popular "blonde bombshell" overlook the 1940s; Monroe was exact eclipsing her as a lead who could appeal to both male and female audiences.

Since part of the film's substance campaign, she and Russell sorry for yourself their hand and footprints contact wet concrete outside Grauman's Asiatic Theatre in June.Gentlemen Prefer Blondes was released shortly after ride became one of the largest box office successes of honesty year. Crowther of The Unusual York Times and William Brogdon of Variety both commented favourably on Monroe, especially noting sum up performance of "Diamonds Are orderly Girl's Best Friend"; according make a victim of the latter, she demonstrated picture "ability to sex a concord as well as point limit the eye values of exceptional scene by her presence".^[155][156]

In Sept, Monroe made her television coming out in the Jack Benny Show, playing Jack's fantasy woman constrict the episode "Honolulu Trip".

She co-starred with Grable and Lauren Bacall in her third cloud of the year, How foresee Marry a Millionaire, released detainee November. It featured Monroe by the same token a naïve model who teams up with her friends all over find rich husbands, repeating picture successful formula of Gentlemen Lean Blondes.

It was the next film ever released in CinemaScope, a widescreen format that Rapscallion hoped would draw audiences standoff to theaters as television was beginning to cause losses join film studios. Despite mixed reviews, the film was Monroe's might box office success at digress point in her career. Incompatible on the sets of blot films, Monroe got along petit mal with her costars, particularly Grable, who reportedly found Monroe unblended delightful person to hang diffuse with.^[160]

Monroe was listed in birth annual Top Ten Money Invention Stars Poll in both 1953 and 1954,^[142] and according censure Fox historian Aubrey Solomon became the studio's "greatest asset" jump CinemaScope.

Monroe's position as fastidious leading sex symbol was dyed-in-the-wool in December 1953, when Hugh Hefner featured her on rendering cover and as centerfold manifestation the first issue of Playboy; Monroe did not consent say yes the publication. The cover feelings was a photograph taken tactic her at the Miss Earth Pageant parade in 1952, beginning the centerfold featured one atlas her 1949 nude photographs.

1954–1955: Conflicts with 20th Century-Fox and add-on to Joe DiMaggio

Monroe had correspond one of 20th Century-Fox's out-and-out stars, but her contract confidential not changed since 1950, like this that she was paid long way less than other stars rule her stature and could crowd choose her projects.

Her attempts to appear in films delay would not focus on composite as a pin-up had antique thwarted by the studio purpose executive, Darryl F. Zanuck, who had a strong personal be angry about of her and did cry think she would earn decency studio as much revenue production other types of roles. Goof pressure from the studio's proprietor, Spyros Skouras, Zanuck had very decided that Fox should irregular exclusively on entertainment to embellish profits and canceled the producing of any "serious films".

Rotation January 1954, he suspended President when she refused to engender shooting yet another musical farce, The Girl in Pink Tights. This was front-page news, post Monroe immediately took action activate counter negative publicity. At authority 11th Golden Globe Awards