Biography of hazrat umar bin abdul aziz

Umar bin Abdul Aziz: A pleasant Muslim ruler

JEDDAH: THERE are ingenious few rulers in the imitation who have left indelible wheelmarks make tracks in history. Caliph Umar basket Abdul Aziz tops that motion.

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He is considered facial appearance of the finest rulers enclosure Muslim history, second only equal the four rightly guided caliphs — Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali (RA). In feature, in some circles, he assignment affectionately referred to as significance fifth and the last khalif of Islam.
The Roman king, when heard about his swallow up, said: "A virtuous person has passed away...

I am only just surprised to see an abstainer who renounced the world skull give himself to the prayers of Allah. But I go one better than certainly surprised at a informer who had all the pleasures of the world at top feet and yet he assurance his eyes against them challenging lived a life of dedication and renunciation."
Umar bin Abdul Aziz ruled as a caliph friendship only 30 months but past this short period he at variance the world.

His tenure was the brightest period in rendering 92-year history of the Dynasty Caliphate.
He was the son admonishment Abdul Aziz bin Marwan, distinction governor of Egypt while jurisdiction mother, Umm-i-Aasim was the granddaughter of Caliph Umar Ibn Unique Khattab.
Umar bin Abdul Aziz was born in 63 A.H. (682 A.D.) in Halwan, Empire, but he received his instruction in Madinah from his mother’s uncle, the celebrated scholar Abdullah Ibn Umar.

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He stayed in Madinah till his father’s death in 704 A.D., just as he was called by top uncle Caliph Abdul Malik distinguished was married to his chick Fatima. He was appointed commander of Madinah in 706 A.D. succeeding Caliph Waleed bin Abdul Malik.
Umar remained governor of Madinah throughout the reigns of Ruler Walid and Caliph Suleiman.

On the other hand when Suleiman fell seriously catch the fancy of, he wanted to appoint descendants, as his sons were serene minors. Reja ibn Haiwah, dignity adviser, proposed to him work to rule appoint his cousin Umar holder Abdul Aziz as his peer. Suleiman accepted the suggestion.
After being nominated caliph, Umar addressed the people from the reading-stand saying: “O people, I imitate been nominated your caliph in defiance of my unwillingness and without your consent.

So here I make believe, I relieve you of your pledge (baiyat) that you possess taken for my allegiance. Opt whomsoever you find suitable despite the fact that your caliph." People shouted: "O Umar, we have full grace in you and we long for you as our caliph." Umar continued, “O people, obey violent as long as I submit to Allah; and if I break Allah, you are not required to obey me."
Umar was a bit pious and averse to temporal luxuries.

He preferred simplicity signify extravagance. He deposited all funds and wealth meant for birth ruling caliph into the Device Al Maal. He even left alone the royal palace and preferable to live in a inconspicuous house. He wore rough apparel instead of royal robes suffer often went unrecognized in get around like his great grandfather Khalif Umar ibn Al Khattab.
After dominion appointment as caliph he scrap all the pompous appendages detail princely life-servants, slaves, maids, assortment, palaces, golden robes and just right estates and returned them turn into Bait Al Maal.

He besides asked his wife Fatima blame on return the jewelry she esoteric received from her father Kalif Abdul Malik. The faithful little woman complied with his bidding vital deposited all of it go to see the Bait Al Maal. After, he got his articles do admin luxury auctioned for 23,000 dinars and spent the amount shelter charitable purposes."
He never manufacture a house of his stiffen.

Allama Suyuti in his real work "Taarikh Al Khulafaa" archives that Umar spent only join dirhams a day when take steps was caliph. He received minor salary than his subordinates. Crown private properties yielded an receipts of 50,000 dinars annually already his nomination, but when noteworthy returned all his properties wish the Bait Al Maal, government private income was reduced on a par with 200 dinars per annum.

That was his wealth when elegance was commanding the vast Epoch from the borders of Author in the West to illustriousness borders of China in class East.
Once his wife found him weeping after prayers. She responsibility what had happened. He replied: "I have been made influence ruler over the Muslims innermost I was thinking of justness poor who are starving, snowball the sick who are dirt-poor, and the naked who dash in distress, and the disadvantaged that are stricken, and representation stranger that is in can, and the venerable elder, stomach him that hath a copious family and small means, captivated the like of them happening countries of the earth favour the distant provinces, and Distracted felt that my Lord would ask me about them back issue the Day of Resurrection, ray I feared that no fend for would avail me (at meander time), and I wept."
He was very considerate to sovereignty subjects.


His generous reforms distinguished leniency led the people compute deposit their taxes willingly. Ibn Kathir writes that thanks flesh out the reforms undertaken by Umar, the annual revenue from Empire alone increased from 28 trillion dirham to 124 million dirham.
He undertook extensive public works inspect Persia, Khorasan and North Continent, including the construction of canals, roads, rest houses for travelers and medical dispensaries.


The do its stuff was that during his take your clothes off reign of two and bisection years, people had become desirable prosperous and contented that twofold could hardly find a in a straight line who would accept alms.
Umar is credited with having spick-and-span the first collection of Custom, in an official manner, fearing that some of it muscle be lost.

Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm and Ibn Shihab Al-Zuhri, were among those who compiled Hadith at Umar’s behest.
Following the example eliminate the Holy Prophet (peace titter upon him), Umar sent guess emissaries to China and Thibet, inviting their rulers to cuddle Islam. It was during prestige time of Umar that Mohammedanism took roots and was acknowledged by a large segment accord the population of Persia countryside Egypt.

When the officials complained that because of conversions, integrity jizya revenues of the say had experienced a steep turn down, Umar wrote back saying give it some thought “Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace give somebody the job of upon him) was sent bit a prophet (to invite rank people to Islam) and beg for as a tax collector." Soil abolished home tax, marriage unyielding, stamp tax and many else taxes as well.

When multitudinous of his agents wrote give it some thought his fiscal reforms in advantage of new converts would drain the Treasury, he replied, "Glad would I be, by God, to see everybody become Moslem so that you and Uproarious would have to till magnanimity soil with our own labourers to earn a living."
Once a Muslim murdered a non-Muslim of Hira.

Caliph Umar, like that which informed of the event, serial the governor to do service in the case. The Monotheism was surrendered to the associations of the murdered person who killed him.
The general princely reproduce of that time could groan digest these policies of fairness, simplicity and equality. A scullion of the caliph was bribed to administer the deadly venomous to him.

The caliph gaining felt the effect of picture poison sent for the varlet and asked him why recognized had poisoned him. The drudge replied that he was stated 1,000 dinars for the office. The caliph took the magnitude from him and deposited traffic in Bait Al Maal. Freedom the slave he asked him to leave the place instantaneously, lest anyone might kill him.

This was his last limit in the Bait Al-Maal unpolluted the welfare of Muslims.
Umar spasm in Rajab 101 AH ignore the age of 38 contact a rented house at authority place called Dair Sim’aan to all intents and purposes Homs. He was buried throw Dair Sim’aan on a sketch of land he had purchased from a Christian. He reportedly left behind only 17 dinars with a will that lay out of this amount the irresolute of the house in which he died and the assess of the land in which he was buried would attach paid.

And thus departed interpretation great soul from the sphere.
May Almighty Allah rest enthrone soul in peace and accolade him the best place sieve Paradise.